örn: A building was destroyed in the fire .It has now been rebuilt

The building that/which was destroyed in the fire has now been rebuilt.

örn: Some people were arrested. They have now been released

The people who/that were arrested have now been released.

Who , that , which' i baazen hiç kullanmasak ta olur

Who,that,which ' ten sonra ÖZNESİ olan bir cümle başlıyorsa ; who,that,which ' i hiç yazmasak ta olur. Fakat who,that,which  bir öznenin yerine kullanılıyorsa mutlaka  yazmak zorundayız, bir nesnenin yerine kullanılıyorlarsa yazmasak ta olur.

Örn: The woman lives next door. She is a doctor

The woman who lives next door is a doctor  ( She düştü yani: özne düştü  burada who veya that mutlaka yazılmalıdır.)

Örn: Have you found the keys? you lost them.

Have you found the keys which you lost ( them düştü yani : nesne düştü )

Have you found the keys you lost.

We use WHOSE in relative clause instead of  his / her / their

You can use WHERE in relative clause to talk about a place

1. The hotel - we stayed there - wasn't very clean

    The hotel where we stayed wasn't very clean

WHAT = the thing (s) that

1. Did you hear what they said  ( the things that they said )

2. Tell me what you want and I ' ll try to get it for you.

3. I don't agree with what you 've just said.

4. I don't trust him. I don't believe anything that he says  (what kullanılmaz)

I don't believe anything he says.

What kullanılmış olsaydı : anything the thing that he says. OLMAZ

5. They give their children everything that they want. (what kullanılmaz)

They give their children everything they want.

what kullanılmış olsa : everything the thing that they want. OLMAZ

WHOM                                

Whom sadece yazı ingilizcesinde kullanılır ve who , that , which ' in hiç yazılmasa da ( who bir nesnenin yerine kullanılmışsa ) olduğu durumlarda  who nun yerine whom kullanılır.

örn: The woman who I wanted to see was away on holiday

The woman whom I wanted to see was away on holiday.

The woman I wanted to see was away on holiday.

Whom preposition larla da kullanılır  ( to whom , from whom , with whom....)

The woman with whom he fell in love , left him after a few weeks ( he fell in love with her. )

İki tür relative clause vardır:

type 1 : The woman who lives next door is a doctor. ( Burada who kadın hakkında bize bilgi veriyor.)

type 2 : My brother jim , who lives in london, is a doctor. ( Buradaki who my brother'i açıklamıyor çünkü zaaten onun jim olduğu verilmiş  ---- işte bu tip relative clauseler , extra information veren tiptekilerdir.ve bunlar: iki virgül arasına alınırlar   , extra information ,

Extra information veren relative clauselerin özellikleri:

1. Bunlarda that kullanılmaz. yani:

Kişiler için sadece who ,

Nesneler için sadece which kullanılır.

2. who ve which' i mutlaka kulllanmak zorundasın , ihmal edemezsin.

3. Where , whose ,whom kullanışları yine aynıdır.

örn: john , who speaks french , works as a tourist guide

örn: Colin told me about his new job , which he is enjoying very much ,

örn: We stayed at the Grand hotel , which Ann recommended to us ,

örn: This morning I met Diane , whom / who I hadn't seen for ages ,

In extra information clauses . You can use a preposition before whom and which ( to whom / with whom / about which / for which.....)

örn: Fortunately we had a map , without which we would have got lost

örn: This is mr carter ; who I was telling you about.

NOT: Konuşma ingilizcesinde ise prepositionlar genellikle relative clausenin verb (fiil) in den sonra gelir.

örn : Marry has three brothers , All of them are married

Mary has three brothers , All of whom are married.

örn: Two men , neither of whom I had ever seen before , come into my office.

örn: They ' ve got three cars , two of which they never use.